I mea e hiki ai i ka hoʻolālā e ho'ōki i ke kūʻai ʻana i nā kaʻa wahie e 2035, hāʻawi nā ʻāina ʻEulopa i nā mea hoʻoikaika no nā kaʻa ikehu hou ma nā ʻaoʻao ʻelua: ma ka ʻaoʻao hoʻokahi, nā ʻauhau ʻauhau a i ʻole ka hoʻokuʻu ʻauhau, a ma ka ʻaoʻao ʻē aʻe, nā kōkua a i ʻole ke kālā no nā keʻena kākoʻo ma. ka hopena kūʻai a i ʻole ka hoʻohana ʻana i ke kaʻa.ʻO ka European Union, ʻo ia ka hui kumu o ka hoʻokele waiwai o ʻEulopa, ua hoʻolauna i nā kulekele e alakaʻi i ka hoʻomohala ʻana i nā kaʻa ikehu hou i kēlā me kēia o kāna mau lālā lālā 27.ʻO Austria, Cyprus, Farani, Helene, Italia a me nā ʻāina ʻē aʻe i ke kūʻai ʻana i ka loulou e hāʻawi i nā haʻawina kālā, Belgium, Bulgaria, Denmark, Finland, Latvia, Slovakia, Suedena, ʻehiku mau ʻāina ʻaʻole i hāʻawi i kekahi kūʻai a hoʻohana i nā mea hoʻoikaika. akā, e hāʻawi i kekahi mau mea hoʻoikaika ʻauhau.
Eia nā kulekele pili i kēlā me kēia ʻāina:
ʻAukekulia
1. Commercial zero-emission vehicles VAT relief, helu ʻia e like me ka huina kumukūʻai o ke kaʻa (me 20% VAT a me ka ʻauhau pollution): ≤ 40,000 euros piha VAT deduction;ka huina kūʻai kūʻai o 40,000-80,000 euros, ʻo ka 40,000 euros mua me ka VAT;> 80,000 euros, mai leʻaleʻa i nā pono o ka hoʻomaha VAT.
2. Ho'oku'u 'ia nā ka'a ho'oku'u 'ole no ka ho'ohana pilikino mai ka 'auhau a me ka 'auhau haumia.
3. Hoʻokuʻu ʻia ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā kaʻa zero-emission mai ka ʻauhau ʻona a me ka ʻauhau haumia a loaʻa iā ia kahi hoʻemi 10%;Hoʻokuʻu ʻia nā limahana ʻoihana e hoʻohana ana i nā kaʻa zero-emission o ka hui mai ka ʻauhau ʻauhau.
4. Ma ka hopena o 2023, hiki i nā mea hoʻohana pākahi ke kūʻai aku i ka laina uila maʻemaʻe ≥ 60km a me ke kumu kūʻai holoʻokoʻa ≤ 60,000 euros hiki ke loaʻa i 3,000 euros ka hoʻoulu ʻana no nā hiʻohiʻona uila maʻemaʻe a i ʻole wahie, a me 1,250 euros ka hoʻoulu ʻana no nā plug-in hybrid a i ʻole nā hiʻohiʻona lōʻihi.
5. Hiki i nā mea hoʻohana ke kūʻai aku ma mua o ka pau ʻana o 2023 ke ʻoliʻoli i kēia mau mea maʻamau: 600 euros o nā kaula hoʻouka akamai, 600 euros o nā pahu hoʻopihapiha i hoʻopaʻa ʻia i ka paia (mau hale hoʻokahi / pālua), 900 euros o nā pahu hoʻopiʻi paʻa i ka paia (nā wahi noho. ), a me 1,800 euros o nā puʻu hoʻopiʻi paʻa i ka paia (nā mea i hoʻohui ʻia i hoʻohana ʻia e like me ka hoʻokele ukana ma nā hale ākea).ʻO nā mea hope ʻekolu e hilinaʻi nui ʻia i ka nohona noho.
Pelekiuma
1. Loaʻa i nā kaʻa uila maʻemaʻe a me nā kaʻa wahie i ka uku haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa (EUR 61.50) ma Brussels a me Wallonia, a ua hoʻokuʻu ʻia nā kaʻa uila maʻemaʻe mai ka ʻauhau ma Flanders.
2. ʻO nā mea hoʻohana pākahi o nā kaʻa uila a me nā wahie ma Brussels a me Wallonia e hauʻoli i ka uku haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa o 85.27 euros i kēlā me kēia makahiki, ʻaʻole ʻo Wallonia e ʻauhau i ke kūʻai ʻana i nā ʻano kaʻa ʻelua ma luna, a ua hoʻemi ʻia ka ʻauhau ma ka uila. mai ka 21 pakeneka a hiki i ka 6 pakeneka.
3. Hiki nō hoʻi i nā mea kūʻai ʻoihana ma Flanders a me Wallonia ke loaʻa nā ʻauhau ʻauhau ʻo Brussels no nā kaʻa uila a me ka wahie.
4. No ka poʻe kūʻai kūʻai hui, hoʻohana ʻia ka pae kiʻekiʻe o ka hoʻomaha i nā hiʻohiʻona me ka CO2 emissions ≤ 50g no ka kilomita a me ka mana ≥ 50Wh / kg ma lalo o nā kūlana NEDC.
Pulukalia
1. ʻO nā kaʻa uila wale nō me ka ʻauhau ʻole
Koloatia
1. ʻAʻole pili nā kaʻa uila i ka ʻauhau ʻai a me nā ʻauhau kaiapuni kūikawā.
2. ʻO ke kūʻai ʻana i nā haʻawina kaʻa uila maʻemaʻe 9,291 euros, plug-in hybrid models 9,309 euros, hoʻokahi wale nō manawa noi i kēlā me kēia makahiki, pono e hoʻohana ʻia kēlā me kēia kaʻa no nā makahiki ʻelua.
Kupelo
1. Hoʻokuʻu ʻia ka hoʻohana pilikino i nā kaʻa me nā hoʻokuʻu CO2 ma lalo o 120g i kēlā me kēia kilomika.
2. ʻO ka hoʻololi ʻana i nā kaʻa me nā hoʻokuʻu CO2 ʻoi aku ka liʻiliʻi ma mua o 50g no ka kilomika a ʻaʻole i ʻoi aku ma mua o €80,000 hiki ke kōkua ʻia a hiki i ka €12,000, a hiki i ka €19,000 no nā kaʻa uila maʻemaʻe, a loaʻa pū kekahi kālā €1,000 no ka ʻoki ʻana i nā kaʻa kahiko. .
Czech Republic
1. Hoʻokuʻu ʻia nā kaʻa uila maʻemaʻe a i ʻole nā kaʻa wahie e hoʻokuʻu ana ma lalo o 50g o carbon dioxide i kēlā me kēia kilomika mai nā uku hoʻopaʻa inoa a ua hoʻopili ʻia nā palapala laikini kūikawā.
2. Nā mea hoʻohana pilikino: hoʻokuʻu ʻia nā kaʻa uila maʻemaʻe a me nā hiʻohiʻona hybrid mai ka ʻauhau alanui;ʻAʻole ʻae ʻia nā kaʻa me nā hoʻokuʻu CO2 ma lalo o 50g i kēlā me kēia kilomita mai nā uku alanui;a ua hoʻopōkole ʻia ka manawa hoʻohaʻahaʻa o nā lako kaʻa kaʻa uila mai 10 mau makahiki a i 5 mau makahiki.
3. Hoemi 'auhau o 0.5-1% no ka BEV a me ka PHEV kŘkohu no ka pilikino hoohana 'ana i ka hui 'ano, a me ke alanui ho'ēmi 'auhau no kekahi wahie-kaʻa kumu hoʻohālike.
Kenemaka
1. He 40% ka ʻauhau hoʻopaʻa inoa ʻana o nā kaʻa ʻeleʻele, hoʻemi ʻia ka ʻauhau hoʻopaʻa inoa DKK 165,000, a me DKK 900 no kWh o ka mana pākaukau (a hiki i 45kWh).
2. Nā kaʻa haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa (emissions<50g co2km) are subject to a 55 per cent registration tax, less dkk 47,500 and 900 kwh of battery capacity (up maximum 45kwh).
3. Loaʻa i nā mea hoʻohana pākahi o nā kaʻa ʻole-emission a me nā kaʻa me nā hoʻokuʻu CO2 a hiki i 58g CO2/km pōmaikaʻi mai ka hapa ʻauhau haʻahaʻa o ka hapalua makahiki o DKK 370.
Pinilana
1. Mai ka lā 1 ʻOkakopa 2021, hoʻokuʻu ʻia nā kaʻa kaʻa kaʻa ʻole mai ka ʻauhau inoa.
2. Hoʻokuʻu ʻia nā kaʻa ʻoihana mai ka ʻauhau ʻauhau o 170 euros i kēlā me kēia mahina no nā hiʻohiʻona BEV mai 2021 a 2025, a ʻo ka hoʻouka ʻana i nā kaʻa uila ma kahi hana ʻaʻole ia mai ka ʻauhau loaʻa.
Palani
1. Hoʻokuʻu ʻia nā hiʻohiʻona uila, hybrid, CNG, LPG a me E85 mai nā mea āpau a i ʻole 50 pākēneka o nā koina ʻauhau, a ʻo nā hiʻohiʻona me ka uila maʻemaʻe, ka wahie a me nā plug-in hybrids (me kahi ākea o 50km a ʻoi aʻe) he ʻauhau nui- hoemiia.
2. Hoʻokuʻu ʻia nā kaʻa ʻoihana i emi iho ma mua o 60g o carbon dioxide i kēlā me kēia kilomika (koe nā kaʻa diesel) mai ka ʻauhau carbon dioxide.
3. ʻO ke kūʻai ʻana i nā kaʻa uila maʻemaʻe a i ʻole nā kaʻa wahie, inā ʻaʻole i ʻoi aku ke kumukūʻai kūʻai kaʻa ma mua o 47,000 euros, ʻo nā mea hoʻohana pilikino ʻohana kōkua o 5,000 euros, nā mea hoʻohana ʻoihana kōkua o 3,000 euros, inā he pani, hiki ke hoʻokumu ʻia ma ka ka waiwai o ke kaʻa kālā, a hiki i 6,000 euros.
Kelemānia
1. E loaʻa i nā kaʻa uila maʻemaʻe a me nā kaʻa wahie hydrogen i hoʻopaʻa inoa ʻia ma mua o 31 Kekemapa 2025 ka hoʻomaha ʻauhau 10 makahiki a hiki i ka lā 31 Kekemapa 2030.
2. Hoʻokuʻu ʻia nā kaʻa me nā hoʻokuʻu CO2 ≤95g/km mai ka ʻauhau kaʻahele makahiki.
3. E hoʻemi i ka ʻauhau kālā no nā hiʻohiʻona BEV a me PHEV.
4. No ka māhele kūʻai, e loaʻa i nā kaʻa hou i kūʻai ʻia ma lalo o € 40,000 (inclusive) kahi haʻawina €6,750, a ʻo nā kaʻa hou i kūʻai ʻia ma waena o €40,000 a me € 65,000 (inclusive) e loaʻa i kahi haʻawina o € 4,500, e loaʻa wale i ka ʻO nā mea kūʻai kūʻokoʻa mai ka 1 Kepakemapa 2023, a ma ka 1 Ianuali 2024, e ʻoi aku ka paʻakikī o ka hoʻolaha.
Helene
1. 75% ho'ēmi i ka 'auhau kakau no PHEVs me CO2 ho'oku'u 'ia a hiki i 50g/km;He 50% ka ho'ēmi 'auhau no nā HEV a me nā PHEV me nā ho'oku'u CO2 ≥ 50g /km.
2. Hoʻokuʻu ʻia nā hiʻohiʻona HEV me ka neʻe ʻana ≤1549cc i hoʻopaʻa inoa ʻia ma mua o 31 ʻOkakopa 2010 mai ka ʻauhau kaʻa, aʻo nā HEV me ka neʻe ʻana ≥1550cc e kau ʻia i ka 60% ʻauhau kaʻa;nā kaʻa me nā hoʻokuʻu CO2 ≤90g/km (NEDC) a i ʻole 122g/km (WLTP) i hoʻokuʻu ʻia mai ka ʻauhau kaʻa.
3. Hoʻokuʻu ʻia nā hiʻohiʻona BEV a me PHEV me ka CO2 emissions ≤ 50g/km (NEDC a i ʻole WLTP) a me ke kumukūʻai kūʻai ʻupena ≤ 40,000 euros mai ka ʻauhau papa koho.
4. No ke kūʻai ʻana i ka loulou, hauʻoli nā kaʻa uila maʻemaʻe i ka 30% o ke kumukūʻai kūʻai ʻupena o ka rebate kālā, ʻo ka palena kiʻekiʻe he 8,000 euros, inā ʻoi aku ka hopena o ke ola ma mua o 10 mau makahiki, a i ʻole ka makahiki o ka ʻoi aku ka mea kūʻai aku ma mua o 29 mau makahiki, pono ʻoe e uku i kahi 1,000 euros hou;Ua hauʻoli ka taxi uila maʻemaʻe i ka 40% o ke kumukūʻai kūʻai ʻupena o ka rebate kālā, ʻo ka palena kiʻekiʻe o 17,500 euros, ʻo ka ʻoki ʻana i nā kaʻa kaʻa kahiko e pono ke uku i 5,000 euros.
Hunakalia
1. Hiki i nā BEV a me nā PHEV ke ho'oku'u 'auhau.
2. Mai 15 Iune 2020, ʻo ke kumu kūʻai o 32,000 euros o nā kaʻa uila e hāʻawi i 7,350 euros, kūʻai aku i ke kumukūʻai ma waena o 32,000 a i 44,000 euros o 1,500 euros.
ʻIlelani
1. 5,000 euro ka emi ʻana no nā kaʻa uila maʻemaʻe me ke kumu kūʻai kūʻai ʻaʻole i ʻoi aku ma mua o 40,000 euro, ʻoi aku ma mua o 50,000 euro ʻaʻole kuleana i ke kulekele hōʻemi.
2. ʻAʻole ʻauhau ʻia ka NOx ma nā kaʻa uila.
3. No nā mea hoʻohana pākahi, ka liʻiliʻi liʻiliʻi o nā kaʻa uila maʻemaʻe (120 euros i kēlā me kēia makahiki), CO2 emissions ≤ 50g / km PHEV models, hoʻemi i ka uku (140 euros i kēlā me kēia makahiki).
Ikalia
1. No nā mea hoʻohana pākahi, hoʻokuʻu ʻia nā kaʻa uila maʻemaʻe mai ka ʻauhau no 5 mau makahiki mai ka lā o ka hoʻohana mua ʻana, a ma hope o ka pau ʻana o kēia manawa, pili ka 25% o ka ʻauhau ma nā kaʻa petrol like;Aia nā hiʻohiʻona HEV i ka liʻiliʻi liʻiliʻi o ka ʻauhau (€2.58/kW).
2. No ka māhele kūʻai, nā hiʻohiʻona BEV a me PHEV me ke kumu kūʻai ≤35,000 euros (me ka VAT) a me nā hoʻokuʻu CO2 ≤20g / km i kākoʻo ʻia e 3,000 euros;ʻO nā hiʻohiʻona BEV a me PHEV me ke kumu kūʻai ≤45,000 euros (me ka VAT) a me nā hoʻokuʻu CO2 ma waena o 21 a me 60g / km e kākoʻo ʻia e 2,000 euros;
3. Loaʻa i nā mea kūʻai kūloko kahi hoʻemi he 80 pākēneka ma ke kumukūʻai kūʻai a me ka hoʻokomo ʻana i nā ʻōnaehana i hāʻawi ʻia no ka hoʻouka ʻana i nā kaʻa uila, a hiki i ka 1,500 euros kiʻekiʻe.
Lakawia
1. Hoʻokuʻu ʻia nā hiʻohiʻona BEV mai ka uku hoʻopaʻa inoa mua a loaʻa ka ʻauhau haʻahaʻa o 10 euros.
Luxembourg 1. ʻO 50% wale nō ka ʻauhau hoʻokele e kau ʻia ma nā kaʻa uila.
2. No kēlā me kēia mea hoʻohana, hauʻoli nā kaʻa ʻole-emission i ka haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa o EUR 30 i kēlā me kēia makahiki.
3. No nā kaʻa hui, he 0.5-1.8% o kēlā me kēia mahina ma muli o nā hoʻokuʻu CO2.
4. No ke kūʻai ʻana i ka loulou, nā hiʻohiʻona BEV me ka ʻoi aku ma mua o 18kWh (me) kōkua o 8,000 euros, 18kWh kōkua o 3,000 euros;Nā hiʻohiʻona PHEV i kēlā me kēia kilomika o ka hoʻokuʻu ʻana o carbon dioxide ≤ 50g kālā o 2,500 euros.
Malata
1. No kēlā me kēia mea hoʻohana, nā kaʻa me ka CO2 emissions ≤100g no ka kilomika e hauʻoli i ka uku haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa.
2. ʻO ke kūʻai ʻana i ka loulou, nā hiʻohiʻona uila maʻemaʻe i ke kālā pilikino ma waena o 11,000 euros a me 20,000 euros.
Nekelana
1. No kēlā me kēia mea hoʻohana, hoʻokuʻu ʻia nā kaʻa zero-emission mai ka ʻauhau, a ua kau ʻia nā kaʻa PHEV i 50% uku.
2. ʻO nā mea hoʻohana hui, ʻo 16% ka liʻiliʻi o ka ʻauhau no nā kaʻa zero-emission, ʻo ka ʻauhau kiʻekiʻe no nā kaʻa uila maʻemaʻe ʻaʻole i ʻoi aku ma mua o 30,000 euros, a ʻaʻohe palena o nā kaʻa wahie.
Pōlani
1. ʻAʻole ʻauhau ma nā kaʻa uila maʻemaʻe, a ʻaʻohe ʻauhau ma nā PHEV ma lalo o 2000cc ma ka hopena o 2029.
2. No nā mea kūʻai aku a me nā hui, loaʻa ke kālā a hiki i ka PLN 27,000 no nā kumu hoʻohālike EV maʻemaʻe a me nā kaʻa wahie i kūʻai ʻia ma loko o PLN 225,000.
Pokukala
1. Hoʻokuʻu ʻia nā hiʻohiʻona BEV mai ka ʻauhau;Nā hiʻohiʻona PHEV me ka laulā uila maʻemaʻe ≥50km a me nā hoʻokuʻu CO2<50g>Hāʻawi ʻia ka 50km a me CO2 emissions ≤50g/km i ka hoʻemi ʻauhau o 40%.
2. E kūʻai nā mea hoʻohana pilikino i nā kaʻa uila maʻemaʻe M1 ke kumu kūʻai kiʻekiʻe o 62,500 euros, nā haʻawina o 3,000 euros, i kaupalena ʻia i hoʻokahi.
Solowakia
1. Hoʻokuʻu ʻia nā kaʻa uila maʻemaʻe mai ka ʻauhau, ʻoiai nā kaʻa wahie a me nā kaʻa hybrid e kau ʻia i ka 50 pākēneka.
Kepania
1. Hoʻokuʻu ʻia mai ka "ʻauhau kūikawā" no nā kaʻa me ka CO2 emissions ≤ 120g/km, a me ka hoʻokuʻu ʻia mai ka VAT ma nā mokupuni ʻo Canary no nā kaʻa ʻokoʻa ʻē aʻe (e laʻa me bevs, fcevs, phevs, EREVs a me hevs) me ka CO2 emissions ≤ 110g/km .
2. No nā mea hoʻohana hoʻokahi, he 75 pakeneka ka hoʻemi ʻauhau ma nā kaʻa uila maʻemaʻe ma nā kūlanakauhale nui e like me Barcelona, Madrid, Valencia a me Zaragoza.
3. No nā mea hoʻohana hui, ʻo nā BEV a me nā PHEV i kūʻai ʻia ma lalo o 40,000 euros (inclusive) e hoʻemi ʻia he 30% o ka ʻauhau kālā pilikino;ʻO nā HEV i kūʻai ʻia ma lalo o 35,000 euros (inclusive) e hoʻemi ʻia he 20%.
Kuekene
1. ʻauhau alanui haʻahaʻa (SEK 360) no nā kaʻa hoʻokuʻu ʻole a me nā PHEV ma waena o nā mea hoʻohana pākahi.
2. 50 pākēneka hōʻemi ʻauhau (a hiki i SEK 15,000) no nā pahu hoʻolimalima EV home, a me kahi kālā $1 biliona no ka hoʻokomo ʻana i nā lako hoʻolimalima AC no nā poʻe noho hale.
ʻĀina Hau
1. Ho'ēmi VAT a hoʻokuʻu ʻia no nā hiʻohiʻona BEV a me HEV ma kahi o ke kūʻai ʻana, ʻaʻohe VAT ma ke kumukūʻai kūʻai a hiki i 36,000 euros, VAT piha ma luna o kēlā.
2. Hoʻokuʻu ʻia ka VAT no nā keʻena hoʻoili a me ka hoʻokomo ʻana i nā kikowaena hoʻoili.
Kuikilana
1. Hoʻokuʻu ʻia nā kaʻa uila mai ka ʻauhau kaʻa.
2. No nā mea hoʻohana pākahi a me nā hui, hoʻemi a hoʻokuʻu paha kēlā me kēia canton i ka ʻauhau halihali no kekahi manawa ma muli o ka hoʻohana wahie (CO2/km).
Aupuni Mōʻī Hui Pū ʻia
1. Hoʻemi ʻia ka ʻauhau ʻauhau no nā kaʻa uila a me nā kaʻa me nā hoʻokuʻu CO2 ma lalo o 75 g/km.
Ka manawa hoʻouna: Iulai-24-2023